Abstract: In a land-sea transitional zone, various technologies are used to reduce the accumulation of water-soluble salts for the efficient utilization of saline soils in coastal reclaimed areas. In the conventional processes of salt-washing and fertilizing, the emission of the agricultural non-point pollutants has posed a threat to the offshore ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new environmentally friendly methods for the improvement of soils quality. In microbial amendments, soils was fermented by adding Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IAE (7.2×1010 cfu/g) in the matrix at percentage of 1% (w:w), while the substrate was prepared in the combination of Flammulina velutipes residues, scoria of bentonite, vinegar production residues and humus acid, at the ratio of 6:2:1:1 (w:w). The matrix that fermented without the inoculation of B. amyloliquefaciens IAE, generally named as soil amendment. To investigate the effect of the soil amendment and microbial soil amendment on coastal reclaimed saline soils, three treatments were set in this study: 1) control, soil without any treatment; 2) Soil Amendment Treatment (SAT), soil added with soil amendment at 30 t•hm2; 3) Microbial Soil Amendment Treatment (MSAT), soil added with microbial soil amendment at 30 t•hm2. The pilot field was located at Tiaozini coastal reclamation area in Dongtai, Jiangsu Province, China. The contents of soluble salt in soils were ranged from 3.57 to 10.66 g/kg. Water saving irrigation and traditional rice planting methods were also selected in three treatments. The quantified data have been recorded including the irrigation quantity, biological characteristics of rice, physical and chemical features and microbial properties of the soils. The results showed that both SAT and MSAT improved paddy soil properties, and MSAT did better than that. Compared to those in the control treatment, the accumulative irrigation quantity in MSAT decreased by 35.2% (P<0.05), while the plant height, number of grains per ear, thousand grains weight, effective ear yield, and rice yield in the MSAT treatment increased by 31.4%, 30.3%, 29.7%, 17.5%, and 83.2%, respectively. The contents of saturation moisture, water holding capacity, total porosity, capillary porosity, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, and content of available potassium in soils in MSAT increased by 13.8%, 20.0%, 6.80%, 9.79%, 2.30 times, 53.0%, 31.0%, respectively, compared to those in the control treatment. Populations of the soil microorganisms of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces in MSAT increased by 10.3, 11.2 and 3.18 times, respectively (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the bulk density of soils in MSAT decreased by 6.90% (P<0.05), compared to that in the control treatment. The contents of soluble salts in the soil depth of 0-60 cm in MSAT were significantly lower than those in control treatment, and those in tillage layer of 0-10cm and 10-20cm decreased by 61.1% and 54.4%, respectively. This finding demonstrates that microbial amendment can contribute to physical structure and microbial properties of soils, thereby to increase in the water conductivity while decrease in salt content in soils. This study can also provide a promising and feasible method to improve the quality of saline soils in coastal reclaimed zone.