Abstract: In recent years, the improvement of the living standards of farmers has led to a sharp increase in the discharge of household waste in villages and towns. The focus on the work of ecological livability is the highlights of the treatment of household waste in villages and towns. Therefore, solving the problem of rural household waste has become the top priority of the rural revitalization strategy. The main components of rural organic household waste are leftover food and melon peel, which are rich in organic matter, high water content, and sufficient nutrients. Hence, rural organic household waste may be suitable for the raw material to use in anaerobic fermentation. The method of anaerobic fermentation can degrade organic household waste, produce biogas, and digested. The product of the fermentation can also be used as a slow-release fertilizer to improve the soil condition and fully realize the "reduction, recycling and harmlessness" of organic household waste in villages and towns. Peixian County in Xuzhou City is a national demonstration county for rural garbage classification and resource utilization, and Datun Subdistrict in Peixian County is a pilot town for rural household waste classification in Jiangsu Province. This paper aims to study the potential of biogas production by anaerobic fermentation of organic domestic waste in this rural areas. The site of collect samples was in Domestic Waste Classification and Disposal Center of Wangzhuang Village, Datun Street, Peixian county, Xuzhou city, Jiangsu Province. The frequency of collecting samples was once a month, and the cumulative one-year anniversary were 12 months. After classification, the moisture content of organic household garbage in Datun Street of Pei County is mostly between 75%-80%; organic matter accounts for about 40%; the nitrogen content is rich, between 20-25 g/kg; C/N is 15-35; Lignin content is about 8%. The results show that organic household waste in Datun Street of Peixian County is suitable as an anaerobic fermentation material. The experiment was carried out for batch anaerobic digestion with anaerobic sludge under 37℃ to evaluate the potential of biogas production. As the result, the accumulation of the experimental group in the biogas production rate was in the range of 447-1 398 mL, accumulated methane production rate was in the range of 215-865 mL. Using SPSS data analysis found that the moisture content of the rural living garbage, TP, TK, TN, organic matter, C/N, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin content had the positive effect on methane production potential. Especially, the cellulose content to produce biogas potential is a significant positive influence on relationship, and TP could have a significant negative influence on gas potential relationship. And the optimal equation of multivariate linear stepwise regression between the physical and chemical properties of each experimental group and its gas production potential was abtained. Finally, this study had established the multivariate linear stepwise regression, the optimal equation, according to the moisture content of organic solid waste in rural areas, predicting the anaerobic digestion of cellulose and lignin content methane production potential.