韦婉琪,李宝庆,赵通,等. 基于ISTA测试研究电商包装对莲雾货架品质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2023,39(15):276-283. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202305059
    引用本文: 韦婉琪,李宝庆,赵通,等. 基于ISTA测试研究电商包装对莲雾货架品质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2023,39(15):276-283. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202305059
    WEI Wanqi, LI Baoqing, ZHAO Tong, et al. Effects of different E-commerce packages based on ISTA test on the shelf quality of wax apples[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2023, 39(15): 276-283. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202305059
    Citation: WEI Wanqi, LI Baoqing, ZHAO Tong, et al. Effects of different E-commerce packages based on ISTA test on the shelf quality of wax apples[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2023, 39(15): 276-283. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202305059

    基于ISTA测试研究电商包装对莲雾货架品质的影响

    Effects of different E-commerce packages based on ISTA test on the shelf quality of wax apples

    • 摘要: 莲雾果实皮薄肉脆,采后流通中极易产生机械损伤,严重影响果实货架品质。为了维持莲雾在物流运输中的货架品质,减少机械损伤,该研究基于ISTA 6-AMAZON.COM-SIOC TYPE A(ISTA 6A)测试标准模拟4种常用电商包装方式下(P1:瓦楞纸箱+单层网套、P2:瓦楞纸箱+双层网套、P3:瓦楞纸箱+发泡聚乙烯(expanded polyethylene,EPE)内衬和P4:泡沫箱+双层网套)莲雾果实的运输情况,并分析模拟测试后莲雾货架期(15 ℃,8 d)品质变化规律。结果表明,当外包装相同,缓冲形式不同时, 双层网套(P2)组莲雾果实呼吸强度变化最为平缓,果皮亮度值为最低值32.86,果肉褐变指数(browning index,BI)与单层网套和EPE内衬相比上升了62.35%,其上升速率最慢,丙二醛含量(malondialdehyde,MDA)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活性和多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性始终处于较低水平,货架品质显著好于单层网套(P1)和EPE内衬(P3)(P<0.05),原因在于单层网套的缓冲保护作用较弱,而EPE内衬阻碍果实呼吸热量散失和水分扩散,导致货架后期莲雾呼吸增加,品质严重下降;当缓冲形式相同,外包装不同时,瓦楞纸箱(P2)与泡沫箱(P4)处理组对莲雾果实呼吸强度、BI值、抗氧化相关酶活性等货架品质相关指标的影响无显著差异(P<0.05)。由此可得,在外包装具有足够支撑性能条件下, 双层网套作为缓冲包装不仅能够将振动能量均匀地分布于整个果实,减小机械损伤,而且有利于莲雾自身呼吸热散失,抑制抗氧化相关酶活性,维持果实货架品质。研究结果为进一步完善莲雾电商物流保鲜技术提供理论支撑和技术参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: The wax apple is one of the most popular fruits in Southeast Asia areas. However, the thin skin and fragile flesh are highly susceptible to mechanical damage during post harvesting, leading to the serious shelf quality of the fruits. This study aims to reduce the mechanical damage for better shelf quality of wax apples in the logistics and transport. The ISTA 6-AMAZON.COM-SIOC TYPE A (ISTA 6A) test standard was used to simulate the transportation of wax apples. Four types of common e-commerce packaging were set, P1: corrugated box + single-layer foam net, P2: corrugated box + double-layer foam net, P3: corrugated box + expanded polyethylene (EPE) liner, and P4: foam box + double-layer foam net. A systematic analysis was made to explore the quality change of wax apples during the shelf life (15 ℃, 8 d) after the test. The results showed that better shelf quality was achieved in the wax apples under the double-layer foam net (P2) group using the same outer packaging and the different cushioning type, compared with the single-layer foam net (P1) and EPE liner (P3). Specifically, the respiration intensity of wax apples was the most moderate, the value of skin brightness L* was the lowest value at 32.86, the Browning Index (BI) of fruit flesh increased by 62.35%, and the rate of increase was the slowest. There were always low levels in the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities. The behavior was attributed to the weak cushioning and protective performance of single-layer foam net. At the same time, the EPE liner hindered the heat loss and water diffusion of respiratory energy from the fruits. Using the same cushioning type and the different outer packaging, there was no significant difference in the impact of corrugated box (P2) and foam box (P4) groups on the related indexes of shelf quality, such as the respiratory intensity, BI value, and antioxidant-related enzyme activity of wax apples. Among them, better shelf quality was found in the double-layer foam net (P2) group, due to the less severe degree of mechanical damage and the slow browning of lotus fruit. The more compact arrangement between the fruits was obtained in the double-layer foam net, compared with the single-layer one. The smaller displacement during vibration effectively reduced the incidence and intensity of the mechanical damage. The shelf quality of the wax apple decreased in the EPE lining layer. The reason was that the porous structure of the foam net was conducive to the dissipation of heat and the diffusion of water, thus avoiding the formation of high temperature and high humidity in the packaging environment. As such, adequate support performance was obtained under the outer packaging. The double-layer foam net can be expected to serve as a cushioning packaging type. The vibration energy was distributed evenly in the whole fruit, leading to reduced mechanical damage. The wax apples dissipated their own respiratory heat, and then inhibited the antioxidant-related enzyme activity, finally maintaining the shelf quality of the fruits. In summary, the e-commerce outer packaging presented sufficient support performance in the wax apples as fresh agricultural products. The inner packaging required sufficient cushioning function. The excellent breathable and moisture permeable performance was achieved to protect the integrity of wax apple fruit in logistics and transport, thereby reducing mechanical damage to facilitate the diffusion of respiratory heat for better shelf quality. The finding can provide the theoretical background and technical reference for the further improvement of wax apples' e-commerce logistics preservation technology.

       

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