Abstract: To explore the 5XS series color sorting cottonseeds machine working parameters of the best match to the color sorting machine precision, with the ratio and cotton seed crushing rate as the evaluation indexes, the single factor and orthogonal tests were conducted with different background plate angle, work pressure, color sensitivity and seed flow values. Single factor tests showed that the effects of background plate angle, work pressure and color sensitivity on color accuracy and carryover ratio were significant. Orthogonal tests showed that with background plate angle 135°, working pressure 250 kPa, sensitivity 242, the color sorting accuracy was up to 99.5%, and the carryover ratio was 1:0.39.