基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标

金慧芳; 史东梅; 陈正发; 刘益军; 娄义宝; 杨旭

doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.07.020

基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标

1.
西南大学资源环境学院，重庆 400715
2.
中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司，昆明 650051

基金项目: 公益性行业（农业）科研专项"坡耕地合理耕层评价指标体系建立（201503119-01-01）"

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- 收稿日期: 2017-09-10
- 修回日期: 2018-02-27
- 发布日期: 2018-03-31

Evaluation indicators of cultivated layer soil quality for red soil slope farmland based on cluster and PCA analysis

1.
College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
2.
Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited of POWERCHINA, Kunming 650051, China

摘要

摘要: 为准确评价红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量特征，该文采用聚类分析法（CA）和主成分分析法（PCA）分别建立了南方红壤丘陵区坡耕地耕层质量诊断最小数据集（minimum data set，MDS），并利用最小数据集土壤质量指数（soil quality index-CA, SQI-CA和soil quality index-PCA, SQI-PCA）和全量数据集土壤质量指数（soil quality index-total, SQI-T）对坡耕地耕层特征进行分析。结果表明：1）红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量变化特征差异明显，其中耕层平均厚度(19.93±4.9) cm，接近作物生长适宜水平；土壤有机质、全氮平均含量分别为(17.43±8.71)和(0.97±0.42) g/kg，处于中度贫瘠化水平；土壤有效磷和速效钾含量丰富，平均含量分别为(26.1±22.22)和(155.46±88.35 )mg/kg；pH均值为(5.34±0.77)，土壤呈弱酸性。2）红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价最小数据集由耕层厚度、土壤容重、土壤贯入阻力、土壤有机质、pH值和有效磷组成。基于不同数据集的耕层土壤质量评价结果差异明显，土壤质量指数变化范围、均值表现为SQI-T>SQI-CA>SQI-PCA，变异系数表现为SQI-T
- 土壤 /
- 聚类分析 /
- 主成分分析 /
- 最小数据集 /
- 红壤坡耕地 /
- 合理耕层 /
- 土壤质量
Abstract: Abstract: The minimum data set (MDS) is the least indicators collection that can reflect the information of total soil quality well, which can effectively improve the real-time characteristic and application of soil quality assessment. In order to characterize the soil quality of cultivated layer for slope farmland in southern red soil hilly area, the paper established the MDS for quality diagnosis of cultivated layer for slope farmland by cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) respectively, and furthermore analyzed soil quality characteristics of cultivated layer adopting 3 different soil quality indices (SQI), including SQI-T (data from total soil indicators), SQI-CA (data from CA indicators) and SQI-PCA (data from PCA indicators). The results showed: 1) Soil quality of cultivated layer for slope farmland varied significantly among different red soil sites. The average cultivated layer thickness of 19.93±4.9 cm was in suitable level for crop growth, and the soil organic matter content of 17.43±8.71 g/kg and the soil total nitrogen content of 0.97±0.42 g/kg were in moderately barren level, but the soil nutrients of effective phosphorus of 26.1±22.22 mg/kg and available potassium of 155.46±88.35 mg/kg were rich for crop growth. The soil pH value of 5.34±0.77 was faintly acidic. 2) The MDS on soil quality diagnosis of cultivated layer for red soil slope farmland included such indicators as cultivated layer thickness, soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, soil organic substance, pH value and soil available phosphorus. The assessment results of soil quality of cultivated layer based on 3 different data sets are distinct greatly, the variation range and the mean of soil quality index were showed as SQI-T > SQI-CA > SQI-PCA and the variation coefficients presented as SQI-T < SQI-CA < SQI-PCA. Furthermore, the relevance and Nash efficiency coefficient between SQI-CA and SQI-T were higher than that between SQI-PCA and SQI-T, and the relative deviation coefficient and the average relative error between SQI-CA and SQI-T were lower than that between SQI-PCA and SQI-T, which illustrated that MDS-CA (MDS based on CA) was more appropriate than MDS-PCA (MDS based on PCA) to reflect the information of the total data set (TDS) for soil quality assessment of cultivated layer for red soil slope farmland. 3) From the perspective of soil and water conservation, fertilizer conservation and yield-increasing potential, the suitability thresholds of those diagnostic parameters for cultivated layer of red soil slope farmland were indicated as follows: the cultivated layer thickness of ≥20.39 cm, the soil bulk density of 0.92-1.21 g/cm3, the soil penetration resistance of ≤1.21 kg/cm3, the soil organic matter content of ≥18.82 g/kg, the pH value of 5.04-5.38 and the effective phosphorus content of ≥28.83 mg/kg. Rational deep-loosening is one of the effective measures for reasonable cultivated layer construction. These results can provide some useful parameters not only for the soil quality recovery of the cultivated layer but also for the suitability regulation of the crop growth and the control of soil and water loss of slope farmland, which are also conducive to the sustainable utilization of the slope farmland resources in red soil hilly area.
- soils /
- cluster analysis /
- principal component analysis /
- minimum data set /
- red soil slope farmland /
- reasonable cultivated layer /
- soil quality

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参考文献(39)

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基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标

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出版历程

Evaluation indicators of cultivated layer soil quality for red soil slope farmland based on cluster and PCA analysis

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出版历程

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