Analysis on characteristics of rural residential land at village level based on differentiation of rural household

Abstract: Scientific identification on the differentiate type of rural household and its evolution trend, is an important prerequisite and infrastructure work for the study of rural household's economic behaviors in the new period. Discussing the evolution process and trend of rural residential land at plot scale level under the background of rural household differentiation, can provide the basis for the direction and mode control of rural residential land. This paper took Guni Village, Chongkan Town, Tongnan County in Chongqing as a typical case study, from the 3 aspects of rural household income, employment occupation, and place of employment, and defined the differentiation type of rural household. Rural households in Guni Village had changed from homogenization led by planting and breeding industry to heterogeneity led by planting and breeding industry and non-agricultural technical management which was called rural household differentiation. Rural households in Guni Village were divided into 5 types, which were agricultural type, agriculture dominant type, locally non-agriculture dominant type, different-place non-agriculture dominant type and non-agricultural type. Rural households who were agricultural type and agriculture dominant type were about 56.21%, rural households who were locally non-agriculture dominant type were about 11.51%, and those who were different-place non-agriculture dominant type and non-agricultural type were about 32.28%. According to rural household differentiation and its type division, the interaction between rural household differentiation and rural residential land evolution was analyzed horizontally to understand the characteristics of rural residential land evolution at patch level based on rural residential land scale, form, internal function structure and location condition for different types. Rural households who were dominated by planting and breeding industry had a largest rural residential land per household, rural households who were dominated by non-agricultural industry and left their land and home had a largest rural residential land per capita, while rural households who were dominated by non-agricultural industry and left their lands but still stayed at home had the least rural residential land per household and per capita. Rural residential land used for non-agriculture industry and agriculture industry had the most complex spatial forms, while rural residential land used for locally non-agriculture industry and agriculture dominate industry had comparably simple spatial forms which trended to the regular square shape. House form was more compact and intensive for rural households who were locally non-agriculture industry type and agriculture dominate industry type, while house form was looser and more extensive for peasants who were agriculture type. Rural household differentiation had little influence on the proportion of rural residential land with production function, but the non-agriculture conversion of rural households had a high effect on the residential function of rural residential land. In another word, the higher the degree of non-agriculture, the stronger the residential function of rural residential land. Rural household differentiation type had less significance to the action mode of productive function for newly-added rural residential land, and service function of newly-added rural residential land, which was for non-agriculture dominate livelihood type, will gradually be weakened.