Sediment characteristic of landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone of Wenchuan under artificial rainfall simulation condition

Gan Fengling; He Binghui; Wang Tao

doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.12.023

Volume 32 Issue 12

Jun. 2016

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE) > 2016 > 32(12): 158-164. > DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.12.023

Gan Fengling, He Binghui, Wang Tao. Sediment characteristic of landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone of Wenchuan under artificial rainfall simulation condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(12): 158-164. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.12.023

Citation:

PDF (2241 KB)

Sediment characteristic of landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone of Wenchuan under artificial rainfall simulation condition

1.
College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
2.
Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Wuhan 430071, China

More Information

Received Date: October 12, 2015
Revised Date: April 09, 2016
Published Date: June 14, 2016

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract: Scientific management of soil and water loss on landslide deposits is meaningful and important in Wenchuan earthquake area. This study aimed to investigate the sediment characteristics of landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone of Wenchuan under artificial rainfall simulation condition. On the basis of field surveying, the soil-rock ratio was designed as 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. The rainfall intensities of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm/min simulated the precipitation often occurring in Wenchuan landslide deposit. Under the combination of different rainfall intensity and soil-rock ratio, the sediment yield and sediment concentration in runoff were measured. The results showed that: 1) the soil-rock ratio and rainfall intensity were the influence factors of the sediment yield and the sediment concentration of landslide deposit. The correlation between mean sediment yield rate and soil-rock ratio was higher than that with rain intensities. Runoff was not found in the treatment of soil-rock ratio of 1:4 under all the conditions and in the soil-rock ratio of 1:2 under the rain intensity of 1.0 mm/min. It indicated that a critical value might be between the soil-rock ratio of 1:2 and 1:4. Above the critical value, rainfall infiltration was large and runoff could not be yielded; 2) The sediment rate presented a upward-to-stable trend during the erosion. The mean sediment yield rate, the values under the stable condition, and cumulative sediment amount increased with increasing rainfall intensity. The fluctuation of soil-rock ratio 1:1 was higher than that with soil-rock ratio of 1:2. The latter change was more stable; 3) Sediment in runoff increased with increasing soil-rock ratios and also with increasing rainfall intensity; and 4) Cumulative sediment amount increased with cumulative runoff but the sediment yield happed after the runoff. The sediment characteristic of landslide deposit with different soil-rock ratio under different rainfall intensity in earthquake zone was quite different. In the landslide deposit, gravels accounted for more than 50%. The sediment yield characteristic of the landslide deposit was different from that of the pure soils. With prolonged precipitation, the soil runoff happened first. After a while, the sediment yield rate became smaller. The sediment yield depended on the soil-rock ratio. If the ratio was above the critical value, runoff didn't occur. The result may lay the foundation for the establishment of process-based model of soil erosion caused by landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone, and provide a scientific guidance for comprehensive control of soil and water loss in the Wenchuan earthquake zone, China.
- sediments,
- runoff,
- landslides,
- deposits,
- Wenchuan earthquake,
- artificial rainfall

FullText(HTML)

References (31)

References

[1]	Koi T, Hotta N, Ishigaki I, et al. Prolonged impact of earthquake-induced landslides on sediment yield mountain watershed: The Tanzawa region, Japan[J]. Geomorphology, 2008, 101: 692－702.
[2]	Poesen J. Surface sealing as influenced by slope angle and position of simulated stones in the top layer of loose sediments[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 1986, 11(1): 1－10.
[3]	王雪松，谢永生. 模拟降雨条件下锥状工程堆积体侵蚀水动力特征[J]. 农业工程学报，2015，31(1)：117－124.Wang Xuesong, Xie Yongsheng. Hydrodynamic characteristics of tapered spoilbank under simulated rainfall condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(1): 117－124. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Chang D S, Zhang L M. Simulation of the erosion process of landslide dams due to overtopping considering variations in soil erodibility along depth[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 2010, 10(4): 933－946.
[5]	李振林. 汶川震区滑坡堆积体物质组成与堆积体休止角关系模拟研究[D]. 重庆：西南大学，2013.Li Zhenlin. The Wenchuan Earthquake Landslide Accumulation Substance Pile Repose Angle of Simulation on Relations[D]. Chongqing: Southwest university, 2013. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	朱元骏，邵明安. 不同碎石含量的土壤降雨入渗和产沙过程初步研究[J]. 农业工程学报，2006，22(2)：64－67.Zhu Yuanjun, Shao Ming'an. Processes of rainfall infiltration and sediment yield in soils containing different rock fragment contents[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE), 2006, 22(2): 64－67. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	LangT·E, Dawson K L, Martinelli M. Application of numerical transient fluid dynamics to snow avalanche flow, part development of computer program AVALNCH[J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1979, 22: 107－115.
[8]	Eisbacher G H. Cliff collapse and rock avalanches (sturstroms) in the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1979, 16: 309－334.
[9]	孙虎，唐克丽. 城镇建设中人为弃土降雨侵蚀实验研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报，1998，4(2)：29－35.Sun Hu, Tang Keli. Study on erosion and sediment yield of man-dumped soil by field simulated rainfall in urban construction area[J]. Journal of Soil Erosion and Soil and Water Conservation, 1998, 4(2): 29－35. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Foster G R, Meyer L D, Onstad C A. An erosion equation derived from basic erosion principles[J]. Trans of ASAE, 1977, 20(4): 678－682.
[11]	王贞，王文龙，罗婷，等. 非硬化路面侵蚀产沙规律野外模拟试验[J]. 农业工程学报，2010，26(12)：79－83.Wang Zhen,Wang Wenlong,Luo Ting, et al. Field simulated experiment on soil erosion and sediment yield of unpaved roads[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2010, 26(12): 79－83. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	Miller F, Guthrie R. Classification and distribution of soils containing rock fragments in the United States[J]. 1984.
[13]	潘成忠，上官周平. 黄土区次降雨条件下林地径流和侵蚀产沙形成机制[J]. 应用生态学报，2005，16(9)：1597－1602.Pan Chengzhong, Shangguan Zhouping. Generation mechanism of wood land runoff and sediment on loess plateau under hypo-rainfall[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(9): 1597－1602. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	和继军，孙莉英，李君兰，等. 缓坡面细沟发育过程及水沙关系的室内试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报，2012，28(10)：138－144.He Jijun, Sun Liying, Li Junlan, et al. Experimental study on rill evolution process and runoff-sediment relationship for gentle slope[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2012, 28(10): 138－144. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	史银志，雷晓云. 基于人工模拟降雨的土壤侵蚀特性试验研究[J]. 石河子大学学报，2008，26(4)：487－490.Shi Yinzhi, Lei Xiaoyun. Experimental study on the soil erosion of north brae in Yining based on artificial simulation of rainfall[J]. Journal of Shihezi University, 2008, 26(4): 487－490. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	李广，黄高宝. 模拟降雨与水土流失试验研究[J]. 农业系统科学与综合研究，2008，24(4)：443－445.Li Guang, Huang Gaobao. Experiment of simulated rainfall,water and soil erosion in loess upland area[J]. System Sciences and Comprehensive Studies In Agriculture, 2008, 24(4): 443－445. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	Huang C J, M Bradford, Laflen J M. Evaluation of the detachment -transport coupling concept in the WEPP rill erosion equation[J]. Journal of Soil Science Society of America, 1996, 60(3): 734－739.
[18]	张晴雯，雷廷武，潘英华，等. 细沟侵蚀动力过程极限沟长试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报，2002，18(2)：32－35.Zheng Jingwen, Lei Tingwu, Pan Yinghua, et al. Dynamic sediment yield of rill erosion[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE), 2002, 18(2): 32－35. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Catherine B, Marcel S, Dirk R Z, et al．Rill development and soil erosion: A laboratory study of slope and rainfall intensity[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2010, 35(12): 1456－1467.
[20]	郑子成，吴发启，何淑勤，等. 片蚀与细沟间侵蚀过程中地表微地形的变化[J]. 土壤学报，2011，48(5)：931－937.Zheng Zicheng, Wu Faqi, He Shuqin, et al. Change in surface micro-relief during the course of sheet erosion and inter-rill erosion[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2011, 48(5): 931－937. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	王小燕. 紫色土碎石分布及其对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响[D]. 武汉：华中农业大学，2012.Wang Xiaoyan. Hydrological Response of Sloping Farmlands with Varied Rock Fragment Cover in the Purple-soil Area of China[D].Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2012. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	张霞，李鹏，李占斌，等. 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区临界地貌侵蚀产沙特征[J]. 农业工程学报，2015，31(4)：129－136.Zhang Xia, Li Peng, Li Zhanbin, et al. Characteristics of erosion and sediment yield under critical landform in hill-gully area of Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(4): 129－136. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	郑粉莉. 黄土区坡耕地细沟间侵蚀和细沟侵蚀的研究[J]. 土壤学报，1998，35(1)：95－103.Zheng Fenli. Effects of land-use types on the vertical distribution of fractions of oxidizable organic carbon on the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1998, 35(1): 95－103. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	Zhang Fawang, Song Yaxin, Zhao Hongmei, et al. Changes of precipitation infiltration recharge in the circumstances of coal mining subsidence in the Shen-Dong coal field, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2012, 86(4): 993－1003.
[25]	Li Sheng, Lobb D A, Kachanoski R G, et al. Comparing theuse of the traditional and repeated-sampling-approach of the 137Cs technique in soil erosion estimation[J]. Geoderma, 2011, 160: 324－335.
[26]	王辉，王全九，邵明安. 前期土壤含水量对坡面产流产沙特性影响的模拟试验[J]. 农业工程学报，2008，24(5)：65－68.Wang Hui, Wang Quanjiu, Shao Ming'an. Simulation experiment of effect of antecedent soil moisture content on characteristics of runoff and sediment from two soil sloping lands[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE), 2008, 24(5): 65－68. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	周佩华，张学栋，唐克丽. 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室土壤侵蚀模拟实验大厅降雨装置[J]. 水土保持通报，2000，20(4)：27－31.Zhou Peihua, Zhang Xuedong, Tang Keli. Rainfall installation of simulated soil erosion experiment hall of the state key laboratory of soil erosion and dryland farming on loess plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000, 20(4): 27－31. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]	刘柳松，任红艳，史学正，等. 秸秆覆盖对不同初始含水率土壤产沙过程的影响[J]. 农业工程学报，2010，26(1)：108－112.Liu Liusong, Ren Hongyan, Shi Xuezheng, et al. Effect of straw mulching on sediment yielding process of soil with different initial water contents[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2010, 26(1): 108－112. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]	Govers G. Empirical relationships for the transport capacity of overland flow: Erosion, transport, and deposition process[J]. Lahs Pub1, 1990(189): 45－63.
[30]	赵艳茹，王瑄，丘野，等. 模拟降雨下土壤剥蚀率和水流含沙量的关系[J]. 水土保持学报，2010，24(5)：97－100.Zhao Yanru, Wang Xuan,Qiu Ye, et al. Relationship of soil detachment rate and flow sediment load in simulate rainfall[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 24(5): 97－100. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	张乐涛，高照良，李永红，等. 模拟径流条件下工程堆积体陡坡土壤侵蚀过程[J]. 农业工程学报，2013，29(8)：145－153.Zhang Letao, Gao Zhaoliang, Li Yonghong, et al. Soil erosion process of engineering accumulation in steep slope under simulated runoff conditions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(8): 145－153. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[1]	Shen Ziya, Cheng Jinhua, Guan Ning, Zeng Hezhou, Qin Jianmiao, Zhao Mengyuan. Effects of shrub-herb arrangements on the distribution of sediment particles eroded from slopes under simulated rainfall conditions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(11): 125-133. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.11.014
[2]	Chen Zhanpeng, Lei Tingwu, Yan Qinghong, Hu Heng, Xiong Mingbiao, Li Zhenlin. Measuring and calculation methods for landslide volume with 3-D laser scanner in Wenchuan earthquake area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(8): 135-144.
[3]	Ni Jiliang, He Jin, Li Hongwen, Wang Song, Lu Zhanyuan, Qing Xiaoxiao, Qiao Xiaodong, Li Hui. Design and calibration of portable rainfall equipment of artificial simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2012, 28(24): 78-84.
[4]	Runoff and sediment yield characteristics of earth road under artificial rainfall and simulated overland flow tests conditions in Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2010, 26(5): 83-87.
[5]	Qu Liqin, Lei Tingwu, Zhao Jun, Yu Xinxiao, Gao Peiling, Yan Lijuan. Laboratory experiments of runoff processes in small watershed under simulated rainfall[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2008, 24(12): 25-30.
[6]	Li Yi, Shao Ming′an. Experimental study on influence factors of rainfall and infiltration under artificial grassland coverage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2007, 23(3): 18-23.
[7]	Hou Lizhu, Feng Shaoyuan, Ding Yueyuan, Zhang Shuhan. Runoff-rainfall relationship for multilayer infiltration systems under artificial rainfalls[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2006, 22(9): 100-105.
[8]	Duan Ximing, Wu Pute, Wang Chunhong, Feng Hao. Effects of farming soil treated with fly-ash on soil structure and erosion through artificial rainfall simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2006, 22(8): 50-53.
[9]	Wang Hui, Wang Quanjiu, Shao Ming′an. Laboratory experiments of soil nutrient transfer in the loess slope with surface runoff during simulated rainfall[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2006, 22(6): 39-44.
[10]	Guo Minghang, Zhao Jun, Wang Sun′an, Guo Yonghong. Research and development of the auto-control system for artificial rainfall simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2005, 21(7): 184-186.