Evaluation index system for rural water conservancy modernization in China

Abstract: Evaluating China's rural water conservancy modernization level objectively and scientifically is very important. In this paper, an evaluation system of rural water conservancy modernization in China was established based on modernization theory: the first rural water conservancy modernization mainly to improve the ability of disaster prevention and reduction and the second water conservancy modernization mainly on how to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources. It puts forward the first and second rural water conservancy modernization evaluation index system. The first rural water conservancy modernization evaluation indexes were given priority to infrastructure, including 4 indexes such as dependable farmland, projects supporting, drinking water safety and disaster reduction. The secondary rural water conservancy modernization evaluation indexes were given priority to quality, efficiency, and good governance, a total of 17 indicators. Using weighted evaluation model and SAS statistical software to analyze the basic parameters of every province (municipality or autonomous region), such as land treatment，farmers inputs，technology input, irrigation benefit, water supply, water quality, pollution control, resource exploitation, wet land index, charging level, participation level, water right trade and management quality, the first rural and the second rural water conservancy modernization index of every province (municipality or autonomous region) in China were calculated respectively. Results showed that the development trend of China's first rural water conservancy modernization was similar with the development trend of the first modernization of China's economy and the world's economy, and the modernization level was promoted with the growth of the first economic modernization. The modern index of 13 provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions) such as Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang and others was higher than the national average index and the index of Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Tianjin was on the top levels in order, namely economy developed areas also had the high rural water conservancy modernization level; The modern index of 18 provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions) was lower than the national average and Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Qinghai had the lowest index in order. It showed that the underdeveloped areas also had the lower rural water conservancy modernization level. Although the economic levels of some developed provinces and cities in China were close to the first economy modernization level of developed countries, their rural water conservancy modernization levels were still lower than the modern economic development level, such as Guangdong, Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai, their economic modernization indexes were 84.0, 94.0, 95.0 and 97.0 respectively, but their rural water conservancy modernization indexes were 74.4, 85.0, 88.0 and 96.5 respectively. Unlike the first modernization, the second rural water conservancy modernization indexes showed a larger difference with economic levels. The second rural water conservancy modernization indexes of economic developed provinces and cities were lower than the economic second modernization indexes, for example the second rural water conservancy modernization indexes of Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin were 47.5, 51.30 and 45.2 respectively, but their second modernization indexes were 78.0, 69.0 and 57.0 respectively. In addition to the economically developed cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin, the second rural water conservancy modernization indexes of the rest provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions) were higher than the second economic modernization index. It showed the different development trend. The main reason may be that the rapid economic development exceeds consumption of water resources and causes environmental pollution. The path deviation of the second modernization in China's rural water conservancy reminds people to timely change ideas, implement water conservancy modernization accordingly with new industrialization, and carry on the institutional innovation in the first place.