Design and experiment of operating process for collecting residual film compacted truck

Abstract: The high impurity content and the residual film loosening have led to the problems that the recovery rate of residual film is low, the machine loading capacity is small, and the mechanized operation process is not continuous. In order to solve these problems, we put forward 3 kinds of recycling models of residual film recovery after cotton harvest, and analyzed the operation process and operating features of these 3 kinds of recycling methods. The first kind of recycling process was as follows: Firstly, the straw returning machine set up the residual film strip; secondly, the heap of the residual film was set before cotton stalk recovery; finally, the truck collecting and compacting residual film picked up the heap of the residual film gathered. For the second kind of recycling process, cotton straw chopping and residual plastic film collection strip combined machine was firstly operated; next, the truck collecting and compacting residual plastic film picked up the heap of the residual film gathered. The third kind of recycling process was as follows: Firstly, straw returning machine operates, or cotton stalk pulling machine operates; secondly, the truck collecting and compacting residual film picked up the surface residual plastic film. A new operation mode was designed for the truck collecting and compacting residual film. The machine consists of impurities separation mechanism, pickup mechanism, residual film shedding mechanism, residual film compression mechanism, and hydraulic control system. Machine can simultaneously complete separation of residual film and impurities, residual film pickup and delivery, and residual film compression. A kind of structure preventing residual film winding was designed, and spring teeth and pole teeth in this structure were in staggered arrangement. The equations of the motion of impurities separation mechanism and pickup mechanism were respectively established, and the process of impurities separation mechanism and pickup mechanism operation was analyzed. The rotational speed of the end of the spring teeth was calculated to be 240 r/min, and the rotational speed of the pole teeth end of the picking mechanism was 90 r/min. The mechanism was designed, which could prevent residual film shedding mechanism from congestion. The operation process of the residual film conveying mechanism was analyzed, and the rotational speed of the end of film removing blade was 1 000 r/min. A kind of electronically controlled hydraulic compression system was designed, and the residual film loading of the compressed film box was improved. Then we examined the capability of the prototype and checked its production functions in field. The size of the heap of the residual film and the proportion of the residual film were recovered in the different distances for the first kind of recovery process model and the second kind of recovery process model. The prototype field experiments showed that, with the increase of the work distance of gathering up the film, the size of the residual film stack was increasing, and the proportion of residual film was decreased obviously. In the case of the same work distance gathering up the residual, the impurity content in the first kind of recycling process was higher than that of the second kind of recycling process, and the recovery rate of the residual film in the first kind of recycling process was lower than that of the second kind of recycling process. The recovery effects of three kinds of recovery processes were compared. The first kind of recovery method included gathering up the residual film before cotton stalk recovery-collecting residual film and compressing, with a work distance of gathering up the film of less than 40 m, and its pickup work was better. The secondary recovery method included gathering up the film after cotton stalk returning-setting heap of the residual film gathered-collecting residual film and compressing, with a work distance of gathering up the film of less than 60 m, and its pickup work was better, with a pickup rate of greater than 80%. The third recovery method included cotton stalk recovery-collecting residual film and compressing, and when the stubble height was less than 80 mm, the collecting rate of residual film reached 88.21%. The truck collecting and compacting residual film could pick up and compress the residue film in 8 hm2 field. The rate of film winding was less than 2%. Through compression test, it demonstrated, to ensure the smooth operation of the machine when the operating speed of the machine was 1.9 m/s, the reciprocating compression time of compression cylinder was 20 s; the compression density was up to 300 kg/m3.