Dynamics of soil carbon storage under different land use years in arid agriculture

Abstract: In order to meet the demand of quality control in the process of fruit and vegetable processing, a portable fast non-destructive testing device for portable tomato was developed based on the visible / near-infrared transmission spectrum. Based on the analysis of the difficulties in the development of portable devices with near infrared transmission spectra, a portable design system of tomato quality was proposed. The system of the device mainly included the light source, the signal acquisition module, the signal processing module, the power, the heat dissipation module and the printer. The light source consists of 8 5 W halogen lamps that provide a light source for the sample. The spectrometer is connected to the focusing lens and collects the spectral curve through the sample. In order to solve the volumetric problem of the transmission spectrum detection scheme, the spectrometer and the coupling lens are mounted on the hand-held member. The development board has a tomato multi-quality parameter prediction model, the curve collected by the spectrometer is processed, and the prediction results are displayed on the LCD (liquid crystal display). This device can print the test results in real time through the print module. Based on this device, the visible and near-infrared total transmission spectra of tomato in the range of 650-1100 nm were collected, and the collected spectra were pretreated by Savitzky-Golay Smooth (SG-Smooth), standard normal variable transformation (SNV), first derivative (FD), multiplication scattering correction (MSC) and Normalization (NOR). The partial least squares prediction model of color and hardness, total acid and total sugar content of the tomato was established. In addition, based on QT development tools, tomato multi-quality non-destructive testing real-time analysis and control software was prepared. The multi-quality parameter prediction model of tomato was implanted into the device to predict the quality of the tomatoes. Finally, the stability and detection accuracy of the portable fast and non-destructive testing device of tomato were tested, and 20 samples were selected for repeated detection of the internal and external quality of tomato. The results showed that the correlation coefficient of tomato color between the predicted value and the measured value was 0.952 8, and the root mean square error was 2.703 8; the correlation coefficient of firmness between the predicted value and the measured value was 0.940 5, and the root mean square error is 0.448 6 kg/cm2; the correlation coefficient of the total acid content was 0.953 7, and the mean square error was 0.326 3%; the correlation coefficient of total sugar of tomato between the predicted value and the measured value was 0. 961 0 and the root mean square error was 0.197 4%. The maximum relative errors of red color, hardness, total acid and total sugar under repeated detection for tomato samples were 2.9%, 1.9%, 2.0% and 1.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the field application results indicate that this portable device can satisfy the requirements of tomato quality detection with high accuracy and good performance. The results provide the reference for rapid, non-destructive, and on-site detection technology and equipment of fruit internal quality.