Design and experiment of key assorted device based on factory production of Agaricus bisporus

Abstract: China's factory production of edible fungi is relatively late compared with that of developed countries in Europe and America. The production of the Agaricus bisporus is mainly the traditional seasonal cultivation assisted with the annual production of factory in China. Due to that the research of factory production technology and equipment is relatively backward, the most of the Agaricus bisporus production still mainly remains in the family small-scale artificial cultivation and the supporting equipment is seriously insufficient. Therefore, the low level of factory production technology and equipment of the Agaricus bisporus has restricted the production development of Chinese Agaricus bisporus. Aiming at part of the operation steps in the factory production (the fill plate-put plate with second-phase compost, the compost pallet putting and recycling, the picking) of Agaricus bisporus, the key assorted device was designed, which includes the device of continuous fill plate-put plate with second-phase compost, compost pallet putting and recycling device, mechanical nurture bed and movable trolley of picking agaricus bisporus. Combined with the cultivation technique requirement of Agaricus bisporus, the key design parameters were determined and the performance tests were carried out. When the lifting capacity of the loading elevator was 26.31 kg/s, the maximum operation pressure of controllable compaction device was guaranteed at 900 Pa and the elevator motor power of movable trolley of picking Agaricus bisporus was 200 W, which were able to ensure the feasibility of the factory production of Agaricus bisporus with the two-zone cultivation. The device performance test showed that the related key assorted device was reliable and stable, the compaction thickness of the compost was kept at 269.8-281.5 mm, the average compactness of compost was 491.4 kg/m3 and the compaction uniformity of compost was between 97.38% and 99.62%. So the compaction effect of compost was satisfied with the subsequent factory production demand of Agaricus bisporus. The basic operation time of the key assorted device involved in the 3 sections did not exceed 5 min; the time of elevation of empty plate was 8-10 s, the time of automatic feeding was 18-20 s, the time of mechanical compactness was 15-18 s, the time of descent of putting plate was 10-12 s, the time of transport time between sections was 45-55 s, the time of compost pallet putting and recycling device with putting pallet was 90-120 s, and the time of movable trolley of picking Agaricus bisporus was 55-60 s; and the factory production efficiency of Agaricus bisporus was improved. The yield effect of the design device was remarkable, and the Agaricus bisporus pileus diameter was 51.8 mm, the pileus thickness was 25.6 mm, the stipe length was 17.3 mm and the single quality was 26.25 g. The plot yield of Agaricus bisporus with the key assorted device was 17.61 kg/m2 and it increased by 5.79 kg/m2 compared with the traditional artificial cultivation. The results of the study provide reference for the design of key assorted device based on factory production technique for Agaricus bisporus.