Development of 4JSM-2000A type combined operation machine for cotton stalk chopping and residual plastic film collecting

Abstract: Plastic film mulching and planting technology has been widely used all over the world, and has made great contribution to the development of agriculture. The film is so thin that it is difficult to recover, resulting in a heavy white pollution problem. Among them, Xinjiang is a heavy disaster area of white pollution. At present, the residual membrane recycling machine widely used in Xinjiang is the vertical rod type cuddle machine. This machine has simple structure, small failure rate and fast moving speed, but has many problems. The recovery rate of residual film is less than 50%, and especially the residual film in narrow rows can’t be recovered. Next is the frequent unloading of membrane, and after traveling a distance of about 30 m, membrane needs to be unloaded once, which seriously affects the operation efficiency. The unloading operation is carried out through the up and down jitter of the lifting arm of the machine, and the frequent operation can make a damage to the hydraulic system of the tractor hoist arm. In order to solve the problems that the recovery rate of residual film is not high in the traditional vertical rod encircling machine, the plastic film on the narrow line is basically unrecoverable, and the discharge of the film is frequent, the joint operation machine of 4JSM-2000A cotton stalk crushing and film collecting was designed. The machine is mainly composed of cotton stalk crushing mechanism, screw conveying mechanism, membrane collecting mechanism, membrane unloading mechanism, transmission system and rack. One-time operation can complete 2 steps, i.e. cotton stalk crushing and film wrapping. The side output type cotton stalk crushing device is adopted, and the crushed cotton stalk is output to the ground through a screw auger, so that the separation of the membrane rod can be facilitated. A small narrow row of membrane elastic teeth with floating function are added to the membrane part, so that the residual membrane picking rate is further improved. The residual membrane recovery machine is used to control the hydraulic cylinder by the hydraulic control after the tractor. The automatic membrane unloading is realized, which makes up the deficiency of the existing vertical rod type cuddle machine. According to the design of the main working parts, the arrangement, the speed of the moving knives of the cotton rod device, the screw conveying, the stirring dragon, and the pre-tightening spring of the floating encircling film device are designed and studied, and the structural dimensions are determined. The machine adopts large size spring-tooth, increases the storage space of materials, prolongs the working distance to 50-70 m, reduces the number of film unloading, and improves the working efficiency. After the tractor outputs hydraulic pressure to control hydraulic cylinder expanding and contracting, automatic film unloading is realized. The stress of the spring-tooth is analyzed, and the range of the penetration angle of the spring-tooth is 10- 30. The depth of the spring-tooth, the number of spring-teeth and the speed of the machine were tested, and the response surface analysis was done. The 3 factors had significant influence on the recovery of residual film, and the optimizing function of Design-Expert software was used for optimization. The test results show that when the depth of the spring-tooth is 20 mm, the number of spring-teeth is 12, and the speed of machine is 1.5 m/s, the recovery rate of residual film is 91%. The experiment shows that the optimization plan is feasible. The parameters of the machine meet the design requirements. The results of the study can provide a reference for the development of residual film recovery machine.