Measurement of the industrial integration level and diagnosis of obstacle factors in different planting types of rural areas in hilly and mountainous areas

Industrial integration is one of the key roles in rural revitalization. The level of industrial integration can be classified to evaluate the obstacle factors in the different types of villages, particularly for the decision-making on industrial revitalization. In this study, the measure of industrial integration level was determined to diagnose the obstacle factors in the different planting types of rural areas in the hilly and mountains areas. The survey data was also collected from the 15 sample villages in six towns of Chongqing (Jiangjin) Modern Agricultural Park of China. The evaluation index was constructed from two dimensions, including the industrial integration behavior and integration benefit. The entropy weight and TOPSIS were used to couple the coordination and obstacle degree model for the integrated assessment and obstacle factor diagnosis of rural industry. The results showed that:1) The low overall level of industrial integration was found in the study area, with an average value of only 0.210. Specifically, the integration level was ranked in the descending order of the prickly ash type (0.399) > grain and oil type (0.254) > flowers and woods type villages(0.134) = vegetable type (0.134) > fruit type (0.127). There was also the striking disparity of village in the similar rural industries. The differences in the integration level of the flower-wood, vegetable, and fruit type villages were all lower than 0.110, while the prickly ash and grain-oil type villages were observed in 0.732 and 0.361, respectively, indicating the notably higher than those of the first three types of villages. The coupling and coordination degree of rural industrial integration was mostly at a low level. Fourteen sample villages were in the different degrees of imbalance, accounting for nearly 93.33%. There was the diverse in the coupling coordination degree of the six types of villages, of which the prickly ash type villages (0.436) were the highest, followed by the grain and oil type villages (0.369), and the lowest were the vegetable type villages (0.291), the flower and wood type villages (0.285), and fruit type villages (0.274). Besides, there was also a large gap in the degree of coupling and coordination between similar villages, ranking as the prickly ash type villages (0.372) > grain and oil type villages (0.201) > fruit type villages (0.157) > vegetable type villages (0.098) > flower and wood type villages (0.051). 3) The integrated development of various rural industry was caused by several factors, such as the village proximity, the proportion of new industrialization agricultural operators, the average education years of integrated operators, and the presence or absence of supporting facilities for the industrial integration at obstacle degree level greater than or equal to 0.08. But the influence degree was different. Some recommendations were proposed to improve the input of resource factors, the foundation conditions for industrial integration, and the scope and depth of agriculture. Different plans of integration can be expected in rural areas, according to the own characteristic resources.