Design and effect test of dynamic disk digging equipment of peanut combine

Abstract: In order to solve the heaping problem in front of the digging device when harvesting flat peanuts, this paper has designed a new dynamic disk-digging device. This digging device works with the approach of turning the angle. It is mainly composed by a disk, flange plate, drive shaft, socket frame, fixed frame, bevel gear, main transmission shaft, chain wheel, and slewing bearing etc. Power reached the main shaft through the sprocket, then through a bevel gear that drives the disk shaft rotation, and the two disk shaft drives disc to the medial rotation respectively.In mining operations, this digging device works with a angle that is 22o, when it works stably, by operating the push rod of the cab promote digging shovel with a angle of 5°. In the process of working, the rotating disk shovel goes forward by the machine's thrusting. It can break the ground and through rotating cut off the peanut taproot and ground soil. Therefore, it can combine breaking and crushing to reduce the peanut combine's forward resistance and solve the problem of heaping in front of the peanut combine. At the same time, the two rotation disk dynamic shovel is rotating to the medial round of the two disks, it can put the peanut seedling to the medial approach sets to grip delivery chain clamping the peanut seedling and to improve the working performance of the peanut combine.Through comparison with the ordinary stationary digging shovel of the field test, selecting the rotating disk mining's spade axial spacing was 370 mm, rotating speed was 145r/min, working with angle transformation. carving angle was 22o, and the working angle was 5°. The ordinary mining units works with a carving angle of 22o too. The test showed that: due to the fact that the rotating disk mining device can transform the peanut seeding through its rotating, especially for abnormal plants caused by the outside of the plant, this device has better performance to collect the plants. The rotating disk mining harvest units' mining rate averaged 99.03%, but the ordinary mining device harvest units' mining rate was 97.59% on average, and its mining rate was not stable. The rotating disk mining device conveyed seedling rate was 99.05% through the two disk dynamic spade rotation, but the ordinary mining device just by the unit pushing forward the rail clamping conveyor chain can clamp the peanut seedling. Therefore, its centralized transmission effect is poorer and makes it easy to miss plants.In the end, compared with normal mining device, the following conclusions were reached: 1) The dynamic disk device relatively increased the mining rate by 1.44% compared with the common mining device, and in improving the seedling rate and reducing the heaping problem in front of the digging had good performance. Due to the operation of the rotating disk on seedlings, larger space peanuts can be rotated to the central, and the middle part of peanut plants. A relatively static mining device reduces the forward thrust, and can help the clamping chain to clamp the seedling. 2) In this paper, the dynamic disk mining device had an ideal work effect when the disc rotating speed was 145 r/min, the work Angle was 5°, and the unit speed was Ⅱ block. 3) The rotating disk mining device was not obvious in decreasing the off fruit rate effect. Besides, its design and production are more complex compared with the ordinary mining equipment. Moreover, its adaptability and reliability need further verification in working with more complex soil, and peanut plant dynamics. A patent for invention of the device has been applied for.