Development and experiment on solid forming machine with planetary wheel style internal and external taper roller flat die

Abstract: In recent years, the trend of global warming has become increasingly evident. This grim situation has become a common problem which countries around the world have to face. In addition, with decreasing fossil energy resources, energy shortages have become a major problem to be solved. China is a large agricultural country whose residues of straw, wood and other organic matters are over 900 million tons every year, among which there are more than 300 million tons that can be effectively and easily processed and utilized ( straw occupies about 200 million tons). Biomass resources are extremely rich; once processed into "briquettes", they can replace 200 million tons of ordinary coal. Bio-briquette technology research is of great economic and social importance and plays an invaluable role in easing the global environmental issues and the "energy crisis.". Since the oil crisis in the 1970s, biomass as a kind of clean and renewable energy has attracted the world's attention. China has also conducted a series of research and carried out applications in this field. For now, biomass fuels are the main screw extrusion molding equipment, piston-type and roller die stamping. Roll mode compacted biomass molding machines are most widely used for it has a simple structure, being both compact and easy to use. Flat molding machines are one of the biomass briquetting machines. Flat molding machines applied on the market currently are mostly single pairs of straight rollers, using pulleys and gears for a 2-stage-transmission, and are mainly used with woody biomass, wheat straw, corn stalks, forestry waste and other raw materials. But there is not much research on the use of molding machines for solid fuel made of mixed raw materials such as tropical crop residues, including banana stalks, coconut shell, and sugarcane leaves. In the existing operation processes of die-cutting (flat molding) machines, the vertical rollers (straight press roller) have a more serious abrasion. And in order to achieve a greater transmission ratio, the 2-stage-transmission system applied will make the size of the complete machine too large. To solve the above problems, this paper research designed a tapered roller planetary wheel and an outside molding machine solid fuel level and describes the main components of the aircraft structure. This paper also focuses on the motion analysis and stress analysis of the roll device and determines the optimum value of the key parameter. Performance test results show that: In the case when motor power is 45 kW, cone roll revolution speed is 190 r/min and rotation speed is 543 r/min and the feed conveyor means is 3 kW. The production rate is 850 kg/h, pellet fuel forming rate is 96.5%, particle mass density is 1.25 g/cm3, and the moisture content of the particles after forming is 2.82%, mechanical durability is 96.74%, comply with the requirements of biomass pellet fuel molding. The whole working process with low noise and smooth operation, it has significant economic and ecological benefits and provides a reference for China tropics solid fuel molding machine development and promotion.