Production technology and related engineering technology in dairy villages in China

In recent years, Chinese milk industry has been developing fast. The rural private feeding on a small scale is the main feeding form in China. Cows bred in this way have already account for about 80% of the country's total cow number, whereas this form has many shortcomings, for example, its scale is small, the equipment is simple and crude, the feeding condition is bad and disease is difficult to control, etc. People attempt to solve these problems through building dairy villages, but the standard production technology in dairy villages for practical use is devoid at present. Dairy villages in many places were built without scientific overall arrangement, production organization and engineering disease prevention technology are not effective, the disposition of related equipments are unreasonable, ways of cow raising are not uniform. Dairy villages lack effective management, uniform production planning and all-year balanced production. All these problems can not be resolved fundamentally. For this reason, on the basis of surveying and studying cow villages in many places, the author proposed the free-stall housing system suitable for cow villages combining Chinese actual conditions. The characteristics of this system are described and some key techniques are discussed in this paper, such as production organization, technical parameters, related facility and equipment, engineering disease prevention technology and overall arrangement of dairy villages, etc. It's hoped to provide theoretical foundation to improve the production level of milk industry in our country and to advance cow villages developing on a large scale and with uniform standard.