Effects of micro-ecological environment of waving-canopy groups on yield and quality of high oil soybean

In order to study the effects of waving-canopy groups on high oil soybean yield and quality, and offer theoretical references for spreading, high oil soybean variety Ludou 9 was used as experimental materials, the effects of waving-canopy groups on groups structure, micro-ecological environment, photosynthetic traits, yield and its components, contents of protein, oil and fatty acid of soybean seeds, were all studied in field experiments and indoor analyses during 2005-2006; and the correlation analysis between the fatty acid and its components of the waving-canopy density groups was made, too. The results showed that in waving-canopy groups, compared with CK, the plant height decreased by 1.41 cm and the branch decreased by 0.08,decreased by 1.38% and 5.30%, respectively; the PAR, CO₂ and humidity increased by 5.06%, 2.45% and 4.47%, respectively, the temperature increased by 0.06℃ at low temperature growth stage, on the contrary, the average temperature decreased by 0.17℃ at high temperature growth stages. The sunlight permeation rate of mid-plant and photosynthesis rate increased by 1.57% and 4.04%, respectively. The average density of waving-canopy groups increased by 30000 plants per hectare, the average yield increased 253.65 kg/hm², increased by 11.76%, and the difference was significant at 0.01 level. All the contents of oil increased by 1.52%, the content of linoleic acid increased by 1.6%, and the contents of linolenic acid and stearic acid decreased by 0.14% and 7.20%, respectively. The density of waving-canopy groups was significantly and negatively correlated with the oil and the plamitic acid(r=-1.00^** and -0.90^**). On the contrary, the oil was positively correlated with the linoleic acid(r=0.79), and was negatively correlated with stearic acid(r=-0.55), while the oleic acid was all negatively correlated with the linoleic acid and the linolenic acid(r=-0.74 and -0.50), and the linoleic acid was significantly and positively correlated with the linolenic acid(r=-0.95^*). Therefore the micro-ecological environment of soybean growth was meliorated by the waving-canopy groups, these were much more favourable to the formation of yield and improvement of quality of the high oil soybean, it can not only increase the yield of soybean, but also increase the oil content of seeds, meliorate the structure of the oil fatty acid, to increase nutritive value of the seeds. So it would have a good useful prospect in the fields.