Effects of different tillage measures on soil and water conservation in slope farmland of red soil in Southern China

The aim of the experiment is providing reference for solving the problem of soil and water erosion inslope farmland of red soil in Southern China, according to the field standard runoff plot methods, the effects of tillage measures such as down-slope tillage, cross-slope tillage and weed clearing in garden on soil and water conservation were studied by using 5 years monitored data. The results showed that the order of the test plots from superior to inferior was cross-slope tillage plot which rate was 75.33 percent, down-slope tillage plot which rate was 59.56 percent, weed clearing plot which rate was 21.73 percent in reducing runoff, and cross-slope tillage plot which rate was 80.57 percent, down-slope tillage plot which rate was 65.11 percent, weed clearing plot which rate was 38.08 percent in reducing sediment loss. The runoff from April to September was more than 85 percent of the annual total runoff, and the sediment loss was more than 90% of the annual total sediment loss. Interplanting to increase field covering is an effective measure to prevent water loss and soil erosion, and cross-slope tillage is superior to down-slope tillage.