Effects of mining activity and climatic change on ecological losses in coal mining areas

It is of an important guiding meaning for making the planning of the exploitation of mineral resource and ecological environment improvement to evaluate the relative effect of ecological environmental loss in mine regions. From view of ecological point, the study selected NPP as the measuring indicator to unify the impacts of climate change and mining activities on the losses of ecological environment in mining areas. Through the indicator it achieved the comparability of the impacts of climate change and mining activities on the loss of ecological environment in mining areas. The results showed that: 1) Net primary productivity of vegetation (Net Primary Productivity) in the mining was the result of the comprehensive effect of climate factors and mining factors, the impact of climate change on NPP ranged from 0.111 to 3.333 g/(m2·mon) and the impact of mining activities on NPP ranged from 90.525 to 107.892 g/(m2·mon). The impact of mining activities on NPP wss greater than that of climate change on NPP and NPP was sensitive to the changes of mining activities. 2) Climate change promoted NPP change towards the positive direction, mining activities promoted NPP change towards both positive and negative direction. In 1987-1998, mining activity was the dominant factor for promoting NPP change; In 1998-2005 climate change was leading factor for promoting NPP change, and in 2005-2008 mining activity became the dominant factor for promoting NPP change. At the same time, as the impact of mining activities increased, the effect of mining activities turned out to be the leading factor, and the proportion of NPP change to the negative direction increased. 3) In the mining destruction region, the impact of mining activity played a decisive role in the ecological environment, it was showed by the NPP decrease of crop land. Through taking ecological reclamation measures, the ecological environment can be improved with the NPP increase of woodland. In the mining impact region, the impact of climate change on NPP plays a decisive role.