Technology system and method of spatial structure optimization for mining wasteland reuse

Abstract: Optimizing the reutilization of a large area of mining wasteland is a realistic way for a mineral resource-based city to tap the land potential to meet the needs of future development. To determine the use type, quantity ratio and spatial layout reasonably is the core problem of optimization. This paper presents the technology system of optimizing land allocation and its spatial structure for reuse of mining wasteland. An evaluation of land reclamation suitability should be conducted first to determine roughly all possible uses of the mining wasteland and the maximum extent of each use type. Then, the optimization of the quantity structure should be conducted to determine the best proportion for different use types, combined with the land requirements of regional industrial development. Optimization of the spatial structure is the last step to allocate the optimal quantity structure to specific spaces. The train of thought and method of spatial structure and quantity structure are put forward. To optimize the quantity structure of mining wasteland, the area of various reuse types should be integrated with the area of the same original land type in the region to consider the overall ecological, economic, and social benefits, with the result of land reclamation suitability evaluation as the main constraint condition. Mining wasteland should be deemed as a separate land type to participate in the regional land use structure optimization, through which the optimal spatial layout of mining wasteland can be determined. The models are selected and constructed after comparative analysis. The linear model based on niche theory should be adopted for the optimization of quantity structure. The CLUES model should be adopted for optimization of spatial structure. Finally, a case study is conducted in the Mentougou district of Beijing city. The results show that the areas of mining wasteland reused for farmland, garden, forestland, construction land were: 82.7hm2，101.3hm2，994.6hm2, 953.4hm2. After optimization, mining wasteland in the town and its surrounding area were mostly reused as construction land. Mining wasteland in mountains far away from the residential area are mainly reused for woodland, and those near the village or water are reused for farmland and gardens. The spatial distribution of land use becomes more concentrated and compact, and the spatial agglomeration degree of the same land use type increases. The collaborative optimization of quantitative structure and spatial structure of mining wasteland was realized. The research offers theory support for the reuse practice of mining wasteland in a mineral resource-based city.