Design and test of 4HJL-2 harvester for peanut picking-up and fruit-picking

Abstract: Peanut harvest the traditional way in most regions in China still is given priority to with artificial results, with a plough parts! A small part of China adopts the harvest (mining) machine, and the root-stock mechanization harvest is almost zero. Domestically, China has quite a few small agricultural machinery production enterprisesto produce small individual production (medium) half mechanization of peanut harvesting machinery, but as to combine harvesters, there are only a few factory developed prototypes, which was still in the stage of research and testing, power consumption, high broken (fall) fruit rate, grain seedling winding, and such problems as soil has not been solved effectively.　Peanut harvesting mechanization development in China is still at an early stage, and its development is very slow, still focusing on the development of small and medium-sized excavators and promotion. In recent years, China's root crops such as peanut harvesting machinery market demand has been growing, and peanut harvesting machinery research and development in our country has entered a new period of development, and has developed some peanut harvesting machine (mining). Peanut harvest equipment in China is still at the experimental study and scientific research prototype stage, mainly focusing on digestion and absorption.　　At present, our country has established from scientific research, development, manufacturing to sales, service, a relatively complete industrial system of agricultural machinery, and an agricultural machinery product service object covering agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery of the agricultural sector. In peanut harvesting machinery there are in production small machines, large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, but these couldn't keep up with development needs. Mechanical varieties, specifications, and quality performance is not stable, and research and development of technical reserves are inadequate; The mechanical work is weak or even missing, and do not meet the needs of the agriculture and rural economic structure strategic adjustment. There is serious machine aging, the technical level is not high, and there are current problems such as inadequate investment.　　The peanut planting area in China has been wide, but the way of combines is also clutter now. At present, many scientific research units, committed to the development of a peanut combine have only a single ridge line or small mature models, but their harvest efficiency is low, with poor adaptability. According to the requirements of agronomy the ideal method for piecewise harvest, but the current follow-up picking fruit assignments are made by artificial pick up, after they go back to pick the fruit. The peanut harvest subsequent operation is labor intensive, work efficiency is low. It takes much work, with high production costs. It is urgently needed to study how a peanut can be spread on the surface of the air to pick up directly from the field, and complete the follow-up picking fruit, peanut picking fruit harvesting machine-cleaning operations.　　At present China harvest peanuts by artificial means to pick up and take off commonly, so the harvest is low efficiency and higher labor intensity, with a high cost of production. To solve this problem, a 4HJL-2 harvester for Peanut Picking-up and Fruit-picking was developed. This machine is mainly composed of a chain nylon elastic tooth pick up device, transmission device, take off equipment, cleaning equipment, elevator set fruit device parts, such as using knapsack structure design, supporting power for Yangzhou 30 tractors, unit speed 52 m/min, collecting 57 m/min, conveying speed conveyer 23° inclination. It can be finished once the peanut collecting, transportation, picking fruit, such as cleaning, set fruit, reducing human use. Field experiments show that the machine work performance is good, the collecting rate 99.1%; the loss rate was 3.2%; productivity was 886 kg/h, all meeting the national standards (NY/7502-7502), fully meeting the actual production requirement, providing the peanut harvesting machinery research and development of a reference.